1) In the role of the marking manager of Mos Burger, delineate the adv and disadv of using -franchising as a growth strategy.
Definition franchise
A franchise is the right or license granted to group or an individual to market a company’s goods or services in a particular dominion. It is also a relationship between the brand owner (franchisor) and the local operator (franchisee)
Franchise occurs when a franchisor licenses his brand and his operating methods to a franchisee who agrees to operate according to the conditions of a contract. The franchisor provides the franchisee with support, in some case, examples some control over the way the franchisee operates under the brand
Advantages for franchisors:
· Franchise provides a better mechanism for selecting and offering incentives to outlets operator than salaries employment.
· Franchise provides an important human resource advantage to firm: it reduces the difficulty and cost of selecting highly competent outlet operators.
· Franchise offers an efficient mechanism for obtaining human and financial resources for rapid firm growth.
Franchising allows companies to grow by allowing them to add outlets at a much lower capital expense. Franchisors can save the capital by passing the cost of establish outlet onto their franchisees. For example, in the restaurant industry, in which each outlet might cost $500,000 to establish, the ability to franchise might make the possible to create a chain of 100 outlets, requiring $50,000,000 in capital, all paid for with franchisee money. Moreover, franchising allows the franchisor to minimize the acquisition of debt to create the chain of outlets.
Franchisor can share risk with franchisee because of adding outlets in new locations that might or might not be successful.
Advantages for franchisee:
Pre-opening benefits: Although the cost of entrance into a franchise system includes a franchise fee, the franchisee benefits from the franchisor’s having tested operating systems, initial and advanced training for management and staff, operations manuals, marketing and advertising programs, site-selection tools, store design, construction programs, the reduced cost of equipment, and other necessary support required to successfully launch their business.
Ongoing benefits: franchisees benefit from the home-office and field-consulting assistance most franchisors provide. Franchisees enjoy the purchasing power that comes from joining with others, which often results in a reduced cost of goods. They benefit from professionally design point-of-sale marketing material, advertising, grand-opening programs, and other marketing materials that independents could never afford. Each franchisee’s spending power is combined with the spending power of all other franchisees in the local market and in the rest of the system. Moreover, they can access and benefit from the franchisor’s investment in new product development and marketing effort.
Moreover, franchisees easier enter into business with more available support to assist with site selection, and negotiating with planning officers and developers and a lower capital requirement than starting business independently. There are improved opportunities of obtaining new cost loan facilities from banks due to the perception of low risk.
DISADVANTAGES:
For franchisor: The failure of an individual franchise may reflect badly on the franchise operation as a whole. Based on clauses in the agreement, franchisors may terminate the agreement or not renew it but they cannot throw the franchisee as if he were an employee.
Besides, another disadvantage is the curious mixture of dependence and independence that franchisors produce. The franchisee is encouraged to think of himself as an independent business entity and to a large extent while he is opening the franchisor’s business concept under a license for which a fee is payable. This is indeed the situation. The success is felt to be due to the franchisee’s efforts, not to the franchise concept or to the franchisor.
Franchisors seek lower price and higher volume to have a higher level of outlet density in a given geography area. On the contrary, franchisees are often unwilling to engage in collective actions because they gain only if their particular outlets benefit from a policy.
Because franchisors and franchisees are legally independent entities, franchisors suffer from several transaction cost problems that are operated by a single entity and they may lose unpatented intellectual property, such as trade secrets.
In addition, franchisors face on several financial costs. Firstly, it is established costs if a franchise system has only a handful of outlets. The second is that franchising generates lower profits per outlets.
For franchisee: Franchisees have also not received all the promised benefits of franchising. One study of 282 restaurant franchisees showed that 92 % of them were earning less than the profit projections that their franchisors were using in current promotional literature.
Franchisees will have lack of security in their franchises, since franchisors could terminate their agreement or fail to renew them. Previous research has indicated that 77 % of a sample of restaurant franchisees perceived a strong need for legislation protecting them from arbitrary termination. The failure of franchisor may leave the franchisee with a business which is not viable in isolation.
The franchise contract is not-negotiateable. The franchisor has tight control over the product and business supported by a legal contract weighted in favor of the franchisor. The franchisee is required to operate the business according to the franchisor’s manuals and procedures that are structured for franchise system.
Over-dependence on the system is the further disadvantage of franchisees. Poorly performing fellow franchisees or company-owned locations damage a franchisee’s business even where they do not share the same market because when the public receive great service at one location, the assumption is that the system has great service and vice versa.
2) Explain and discuss the primary processes that need consideration in designing the marketing channel for Mos Burger.
Marketing Channel- A set of interdependent organizations involved in the process of making a product or service available for use or consumption by the consumer or business users.
Marketing channel decisions are among the most important decisions that management faces. A company’s channel decisions are linked with every other marketing decisions. The company’s pricing depends on whether it uses mass merchandisers or high-quality specialty stores. The firm’s sales force and advertising decisions depend on how much persuasion, training, motivation and support the dealers need. Whether a company develops or acquires certain new products may depend on how well that product fit the capabilities of its channel members. Distribution channel decisions often involve long-term commitments to other firms.
Distribution channel function
v Information: gathering and distribution marketing research and information about actors and forces in the marketing environment needed for planning and aiding exchange.
v Promotion; developing and spreading persuasive communication about an offer.
v Contact: finding and communicating with prospective buyers
v Matching: shaping and fitting the offer to the buyer’s needs, including activities such as manufacturing, grading, assembling and packaging
v Negotiation: reaching an agreement on price and other terms of the offer so that ownership or possession can be transferred
Other help to fulfill the completed transactions are
v Physical distribution: transporting and storage goods
v Financing: acquiring and using funds to cover the costs of the channel work
v Risk taking; assuming the risks of caring out the channel work
Direct Marketing Channel- a marketing channel that has no intermediary levels.
Indirect Marketing Channel- Channel containing one or more intermediary levels.
Channel Conflict- Disagreement among marketing channel members on goals and roles who should do what and for what rewards.